The Shifting Definition of AI

Artificial intelligence has always been a moving target. In the 1990s, when IBM’s Deep Blue defeated Garry Kasparov at chess, many declared that machines had finally reached “real intelligence.” But today, no one points to chess as the hallmark of AI. The same happened when IBM’s Watson won Jeopardy! in 2011. Or when Google DeepMind’s AlphaGo defeated L…